(one)
When we talk about war,
What are we talking about?
Will war happen? If you throw this question to a time when there are no human beings, or when human beings are still ignorant, I will answer you, the probability is close to zero. But in the present, or in the days of pushing back, I don't dare to boast about Haikou. This should be a consensus that "war" is not conceived by nature, not an objective and real material, and is naturally separated from the origin of the world; and when human beings are born, multiply and grow, civilizations arise, differentiate, evolve into strangeness, and even more When there are many opposing political systems, economic states, and cultural backgrounds, war is actually nourished, and rotten shoots grow from human beings themselves, more and more, and finally, like a certain group of people living together, it forms a A wall obscures the aura of man himself. Paul in Hotel Rwanda once swore that the rift between the two races would be filled by a pact, but just like the cannonball that unexpectedly killed the peace, of course, war is always unpredictable and temporarily impossible. stop.
War is a disaster. Whether you have seen it or not, war means despair and destruction, and it is not even limited to death, and people may believe this. "The tall trees have been cut down." Days and nights alternated. There was no sound of tanks rolling over the ground, no sound of military boots advancing, no sound of bullets, and no sound from scarlet eyes, rivers of blood, and the ground covered with corpses. A groan of pain, the only life that comes from "millions of singing voices", the scorching sun under the black skin! Scorching sun! Scorching sun! ——The ethnic cleansing event with up to 1 million dead, the blood red color is a self-portrait of Rwanda.
How absurd war is. This is the self-deprecation of the survivors, who screamed, drummed, screamed, drummed, screamed, drummed... In the non-stop screeching sound, spread out a strange picture, and stretched out a hand from the picture. , grabbed you by the throat, and you felt an overwhelming sneer in your stomach. It seems like a black humor, with doubts and disbelief everywhere. In The Tin Drum, all irony, rhetorical questions, metaphors, etc., all have a sharp meaning, revealing a state of existence under war. , but it is also suggesting that it may be false, at least not so real - how can it be so ridiculous otherwise. It's a pity that the audience felt "so ridiculous", it was an emotion that poured out of the stomach and could not be suppressed. The film is full of absurdity, as if to warn people that the biggest damage to such a two countless war is that it will make you insane, then go crazy, and continue to be laughed at by the next generation. Talking about the absurdity of war, Arendt believes that one of the German traditions is to lie and deceive, and the phrase "The Battle of the Destiny of the German Nation" clearly points to an irresponsible and absurd statement. "The Tin Drum" also Again, a madman's raving, it's lying - the truth is never that good. What makes it even more absurd is that only war does not lie.
(two)
when we face war,
What might we do?
To obey, or to resist. This is really a big problem.
Paul chose to resist. When reminded of the imminent massacre of the Hutu rebels, Paul decided to stay. When it was discovered that he was harboring dozens of Tutsi civilians, Paul decided to stay. When he was threatened to execute thousands of refugees in the hotel, Paul still decided to stay. It is not so much a heroic resistance, it is better to say that it is a mediation of wisdom and courage. Facing the untold numbers on the list of the dead in the Rwanda genocide, the 1,200 compatriots that Paul saved were just a drop in the ocean, but that was the aura of man himself, and in the endless darkness, precisely because of its weakness, Just now is more cherished and more representative of hope.
Oscar also chose to resist. Cold-eyed, silent, screaming and drumming, grandmother's skirt, Oscar protected himself from the adult world by relying on the fantasy and scoundrel still in his childhood, but this way, the attitude of passive resistance has also become a war As an accomplice, in the face of sin, everything that does not deny, including silence, is support. Later, Oscar lost his tin drum, and the tin drum rolled into the grave and was buried in the ground with Oscar's mother, uncle and father. This is the moment when all protective forces are lost, and Oscar finally asks to grow up and learn to face war and the evil of the world. Rather than resisting, it was a delicate refusal. The flawed Oscar itself means that deformed Germany. Only by refusing to escape and facing oneself can sin collapse and die.
In the face of war, it is difficult for each of us to truly resist, but this is forever, and does not mean obedience. There is a saying, "Tenderly overthrow the world", in the face of the evils of the world, the strength of the individual must be gentle, so it reminds us that we must tightly weave one, two, and countless streams of flowing water into a resistance. Wall and rising bamboo poles.
(three)
When we judge war,
What are we holding on to?
At the moment, all those who have escaped the war are judging the war. All the reflections of war in later generations, such as "Hotel Rwanda" and "The Tin Drum", all convey the same spiritual core, that is, hatred and opposition to war, and this is why Arendt has always been called "traitor." "'s sake.
Speaking of "Eichmann in Jerusalem", some people may not have reacted, but when it comes to "a report on banal evil", everyone seems to nod. The "banal evil" was first proposed in Ai, an important lesson that Arendt drew from the Jerusalem trial, and later even became an unmissable concept in the history of philosophy. It is precisely because Arendt believes that the judge, Eichmann, the Nazi officer responsible for the "final solution of the Jewish question", is a mediocre cog in a massive crime. She looks at Eichmann and World War II calmly and objectively. Lunt was criticized as a "apologist of war", a "traitor" among the sheer number of humans who shouted "against war".
In fact, Arendt confessed in the introduction to "Ai" that this is not a theoretical article exploring the nature of evil, "It does not discuss the most tragic period in the history of the Jewish nation, nor does it discuss the issue of totalitarianism, nor does it go back to the first The History of the German Nation in the Period of the Three Reichs," at all, "this report examines only the extent to which the courts of Jerusalem fulfilled the demands for justice". It's just about the justice of the famous "Jerusalem Trial": how Israeli President Ben Gurion manipulated the Jerusalem Trial to construct the Jewish nation's "Trial of the Century." At the beginning of the work, Arendt unceremoniously questioned whether this was a trial in the Temple of Justice, or just a "trial show"? In other words, do the Israelis want justice in the right way, or do they just want revenge, or even a "total reckoning" of historical anti-Semitism? Sadly, what Arendt feared happened. This trial of an international war staged in a local court "is a prominent manifestation of Israel's re-entry into the dualistic values of Jews and pagans in the thrill of revenge." She wrote this book to clarify "crimes against humanity" The definition and scope of it is to emphasize the rational thinking of post-war trials, to warn and prevent, and to prevent the massacre of Jews in World War II from evolving into a "template for future crimes".
Few of us are direct victims of war, so we stand in this far place and judge war rationally should be our perseverance. For those who have been in dire straits, rational thinking is particularly important and valuable. At this point, the "Jerusalem Trial" obviously did not notice that what Eichmann committed was a "crime against humanity", so it was only justice for a small number of people, and in a broad sense, it was a separation from all mankind. In contrast, I am particularly shocked by the Nanjing people's facing the history of the "Nanjing Massacre" and their tolerance for ordinary Japanese people.
We must not be overwhelmed by this other kind of madness while chanting the mighty slogan "against war". Once war occurs, it is the responsibility of all mankind. As for the judgment of war, it should stick to the perspective of all mankind.
(Four)
When we reflect on war,
What are we going to learn?
I will tell you very bluntly that you will never be able to fight war by your own strength. But the subtext of this sentence is not an attempt to arouse the conscience and courage of all people to fight the war together, because it is not practical at all.
There is a word of mouth in China: self-cultivation, family order, governance of the country, and peace in the world. In the old feudal society, this is not just a motto to inspire those in power to pursue personal hegemony. In fact, it is not as "great and upright" as people imagined, but it does not prevent it from guiding people to build a beautiful self and a harmonious society. society. In this situation, I hope that it can guide individuals to "inadvertently" become a person with a world vision in their pursuit and struggle in the secular world. With the world's vision, it is not possible to make such narrow and stupid actions as starting a war.
I have heard of many tragic wars, and I have also seen some works about human beings facing wars, trying to resist wars, and examining wars. At first, I longed to go to the front line with a camera like Capa, and once promised to become a soldier, but there is some reality that I can't avoid, that is, I may not be able to do it at all. But I am not willing to give up the hope of peace. I am always thinking about how to reduce the occurrence of war. Later, I realized that this proposition is too grand, so I put my eyes on the individual, and I found that the only possibility is to make people not too bad, but always have good intentions, and be able to pull people when they fall into the abyss of sin. Just don't fall off.
Therefore, when reflecting on war, if I say that we should better understand and apply the philosophical saying "self-cultivation, family order, governance of the country, and peace in the world", this is actually just a beautiful misunderstanding. People will inevitably seek advantages and avoid disadvantages. This is also one of the reasons why wars are launched. It is almost ineffective to influence people with love and beauty. So we might as well let this human nature go, but we must do so in such a way. A bottom line is set below, which must not be crossed. This is the real intention of my call for people to "self-cultivation, family harmony, governance of the country, and peace in the world" - you can pursue your own interests, but please never hurt others. Only when a person is profitable can he not go crazy, and only when a person pursues his own interests with a conscious "conscience", the world will not be out of order, will not be destroyed, and war will may be appeased.
We don't need much, just that little bit of self-awareness to never hurt others.
Notes:
1. The fourth paragraph of the first part "The tall trees have been cut down" is the code for the uprising of the Hutu army in the movie "Hotel Rwanda".
2. The fourth paragraph of the first part, "Millions of Voices", alludes to the theme song "Million Voices" of the movie "Hotel Rwanda" (the African nursery rhyme sung by the African Children's Choir is simply Sanskrit!)
3. This article originated from the daily thoughts of a high school student. Sorry.
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